This paper deals with different areas which are the fundamentals of Administrative System in Tanzania. It focuses on dissecting the Tanzania post colonial state in discharging its duties to the masses, reflect on colonial administrative system as an oppressive, exploitative and humiliating institution and post colonial administrative system as developmental agency, identification and analysis of post colonial administrative structure and functions. Lastly, to assess the functioning of the administrative organs by linking them to the basic needs of the masses. Methodologically the paper has been designed from historical exploratory design. The approach engaged in this paper is that of qualitative nature utilizing both primary and secondary historical sources to gather information through in depth interviews, oral histories, observation and intensive archival documentary review. Research instruments such as interview guides and checklists were designed to facilitate smooth collection of the required data. Most of the secondary data were generated from libraries at SAUT, MWECAU, UDSM, National Library DSM, Mwanza Regional Library and Kilimanjaro Regional Library. The findings revealed that there were high hopes among the masses that throughout the struggle for independence rallied behind TANU which was the vanguard of the struggle for uhuru. It is now 59 years of uhuru yet the basic problems disease, poverty and ignorance which united the masses against colonial administration are still in place. The situation is more precarious in health, wellbeing, economy and human security.