Dissertation (MA Public Administration)The researcher focused on factors affecting the sustainability of water supply projects in Tanzania, specifically in Kwimba District. It was guided by three specific objectives which are: to assess community participation on the management of water supply project, to examine the awareness and willingness of community members to contribute on the operational and maintenance costs and to evaluate the community members possessing water supply and management skills in the study area. The sample size of 100 respondents was employed in this study whereby probability and non probability sampling techniques employed to determine the sample size. Data collected by using social survey and personal interview whereas questionnaire and interview guide employed as tools for data collection. Data analysed in both qualitative and quantitative method with the help of computer software statistical packages for social scientists (SPSS Version 21) and Microsoft excel. The findings from the field depict that there are no enough community involvement in water supply projects hence there are the possibility of declining of water supply project because of low community involvement. However the people from the community are ready to contribute their resources in terms of money and their resources for construction project in their areas of living. Regarding the people participation in project cycle more community members are being involved at the level of planning while there are no involvements in other stages of the project like implementation and monitoring of the project. Regardless of low people involvement in the water supply project the majority are ready to contribute for the maintenance of the water supply project. Moreover; data from the field indicated that on the issue of contributing for the maintenance of the project was respondent by participants to pay through the user fees which is collected as their using water. Furthermore the study discovered that there about 1 to 5 people with technical skill and 1 to 5 water points in every ward were there are the water project Based on this investigation the study recommends that in order to get the well established water supply project the community participation must be given the first priorities in order to help the to maintain the sense of ownership and at the same time contribute for the development of projects in terms of labour power and skills.