Dissertation (MA Education)This study sought to assess the effectiveness of Open and Distance Learning in Tanzania by taking experience from students and facilitators at the Open University of Tanzania. Specifically, the study was set to explore students‟ perception towards Open and Distance Learning in Tanzania, examine the adequacy of facilitation methods, strategies and techniques employed by the Open University of Tanzania to facilitate learning. The researcher went further to investigate students support services provided by the University and lastly identified the solutions to the problems that affect the Open University students in Tanzania. The study is built on the Transactional Theory (1993) and System Theory of Distance Education and the cross-section research design were used to collect data. 72 respondents from two centers of Kigoma and Dodoma municipalities were sampled to inform the researcher. SPSS program was used to analyze quantitative data. Qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis. The survey results showed that the majority of the Open University students had negative perceptions towards the Open and Distance Learning. The existing facilitation methods, strategies and techniques used by Open University of Tanzania are inadequate. The stakeholders were not sure whether the support services provided by the University are adequately provided to learners. The findings indicate that employing more facilitators in different Open University centers, establishment of Open University centers at each district, supply of more learning materials to learners and enhancing internet connectivity at all centers will ensure effectiveness of the Open and Distance Learning in the country; hence the attainment of socio-economic development of the nation. Following the findings of the study, it is recommended that the Open University of Tanzania should create a nurturing and supportive environment for facilitators as well as students.