Dissertation (MSc Natural Resources Management)This study focused on the factors affecting consumers' willingness to pay for water services: A case of West District, Zanzibar. The study specifically, was set to meet three objectives, namely; to examine factors affecting consumers' willingness to pay for water service in West District, Zanzibar; to investigate challenges that face water services in West District, Zanzibar and to examine measures taken by the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar in overcoming the challenges facing water services in Zanzibar. The study was conducted in West District, Zanzibar and it employed a descriptive cross-sectional survey research design. Data were gathered by using questionnaires, face to face interview and focus group discussion as well as observation to respondents of this study. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientist (SPSS) and Excel computer program. The study has revealed that an average amount of income spend for monthly water bill is Tzs 4,500. It has also been observed that ZAWA staffs, Zanzibar Health Officers and Donors were the main stakeholders' inactivity. The study has also revealed that ZAWA/Government contributed a lot to improve the living standard of people, specifically through the improvement of economic activities practised by the customers. Consumers' willingness to pay water bill enabled to improve water supply. But it has been observed that consumers unwilling to pay water bill have been facing some challenges such as sabotage of water infrastructure like the pipe, reluctance of some individuals in paying the water bill, lack of modern equipment as well as rapid population growth. In order to reduce these challenges, ZAWA/Government is the increasing of services to their customers. The study hence recommends that the government should support the consumers who were ready to pay the water bill. Also, the government is urged to provide education on the appropriate ways to handle consumers to fetch water in good ways.